According to its structure, stainless steel can be divided into austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel.
1、 Austenitic stainless steel
Austenitic stainless steel is the most important type of stainless steel, and its output and consumption account for 70% of the total amount of stainless steel. According to the way of alloying, austenitic stainless steel can be divided into chromium nickel steel and iron chromium manganese steel. The former takes nickel as austenitizing element and is the main body of austenitic steel; The latter is a kind of nickel saving steel with manganese and nitrogen instead of expensive nickel.
Generally speaking, austenitic steel has good corrosion resistance, good comprehensive mechanical and technological properties, but low strength and hardness.
2、 Ferritic stainless steel
Ferritic stainless steel contains 11% - 30% chromium and almost no nickel. It is a kind of nickel saving steel, and its microstructure is mainly ferrite in service.
Ferritic stainless steel has high strength, low cold work hardening tendency, excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and other local corrosion, but it is sensitive to intergranular corrosion and poor low temperature toughness.
3、 Duplex stainless steel
It is generally considered that if there is more than 15% ferrite on the austenite matrix or more than 15% austenite on the ferrite matrix, it can be called austenite + ferrite duplex stainless steel.
Duplex stainless steel has the advantages of both austenitic and ferritic steels.
4、 Martensitic stainless steel
Martensitic stainless steel is a kind of steel whose properties can be adjusted by means of heat treatment, and its strength and hardness are high.
5、 Precipitation hardening stainless steel
Precipitation hardening stainless steel is a kind of steel which can make carbide precipitate in steel by means of heat treatment so as to improve its strength
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